For industry professionals, the composition of paints is of paramount importance. Whether for applications in automotive, aeronautics, or other manufacturing fields, the properties of paints are determined by their chemical composition.

In this article aimed at industry professionals, we will explore the different components of industrial paints, the categories of paints based on their composition with a focus on biobased paints. We will continue with the importance of chemical analysis and the impact of chemical composition on the performance and use of paints.

General composition of industrial paint

The main paint components

Industrial painting consists of four main elements:

• pigments,
• binders,
• solvents,
• and additives.

These components have different impacts on manufactured products:

• The pigments are responsible for the color and opacity of the paint. There are organic or inorganic pigments. These each have specific properties of resistance to UV, heat, and chemicals.
• The binders form the paint film and determine the mechanical properties of the paint, such as its hardness and adhesion. Binders can be oil-based (alkyds), latex-based (acrylics), or epoxy resins (among others).
• Solvents are used to adjust the viscosity of the paint, which facilitates its application. Volatile solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons or alcohols are commonly used. However, their use is regulated due to their environmental impact.
• Additives are minor components that are part of industrial paints. They improve certain properties of the paint, such as mold resistance, UV stability, or improved drying time. Anti-sagging agents and corrosion inhibitors are essential additives for industrial applications.

The composition of paints is therefore determined by the addition of different components. The choice of these components determines the category of paint.

Paint categories by composition

There are several categories of industrial paints. These are determined by their composition and each meets particular uses:

• Solvent-based paints: they are traditionally used for their fast drying time and durability. This category is declining due to environmental concerns and VOC regulations (volatile organic compounds). Environmental regulations imposed on companies are forcing manufacturers to turn to other categories to limit the impact of paints on the environment.

• Water-based paints: they are increasingly popular due to their low VOC content. These are often used in sensitive environments such as food production facilities and hospitals. However, their chemical composition makes them less resistant, which limits their range of applications.

• Powder coatings: they are applied in dry powder form and then cured at high temperature. These coatings offer excellent wear resistance and are solvent-free, making them environmentally advantageous. Their field of application is therefore wider than water-based coatings.

• Biobased paints: biobased paints are made from renewable raw materials. They represent a major step towards more sustainable, environmentally friendly industrial production without compromising their technical performance.

It is crucial for professionals in the manufacturing industry to have a good understanding of the different industrial paint compositions. This allows R&D departments to select the products best suited to their specific needs while respecting their environmental and regulatory constraints in their manufacturing processes.

The biobased paints are a category of paints particularly relevant for industries to cope with new regulatory constraints. Let's look at them in more detail.

Biobased paints: a sustainable and ecological choice

Biobased paintsare gaining popularity among industrialists thanks to their environmentally friendly composition. Indeed, they offer a sustainable alternative to traditional paints, while meeting the performance requirements of industrial applications.

What is the specific composition of the biobased paint?

The composition of the biobased paints incorporates various sustainable ingredients:

• The biobased bindersare resins that primarily come from linseed oil, soybean oil, or castor oil. These binders offer performance similar to synthetic resins while being biodegradable.
• Natural pigments are extracted from minerals or organic matter. They provide a durable and stable coloring role without being toxic.
• Eco-friendly solvents and biobased paints use water-based solvents or natural alcohols. This usage helps reduce VOC emissions and improve safety during application.
• The biobased additives (like beeswax or plant extracts) improve different properties of the paint.

These natural additives enhance water and scratch resistance, while remaining environmentally friendly.

Advantages of biobased paints for industrial users

Biobased paints offer several advantages over synthetic paints for professionals in the industrial sector:

• Sustainability and reduced environmental impact

The biobased paints reduce the carbon footprint and VOC emissions. This contributes to production efforts aimed at developing sustainable and environmentally friendly practices.

• Regulatory compliance

A major challenge for manufacturers, biobased paints facilitate the production of quality products in compliance with strict environmental standards. This helps avoid penalties and improve the company's image.

• Innovation and differentiation

The use of this category of paint allows manufacturers to create products with an innovative market positioning. By developing ecological products, compliant with "Biobased Product" labels for example, they can reach a new target of environmentally conscious customers.

• Quality and performance : 

The biobased paints offer performance comparable to synthetic paints. However, they offer the advantage of being safer for workers and end-users.

Biobased paints, due to their numerous advantages, are therefore a strategic choice for manufacturers seeking to comply with regulatory standards while combining performance and ecological responsibility. It is therefore important for industry professionals to be able to analyze the composition of their paints in order to measure the biobased share.

The importance of chemical analysis in paint composition

Chemical analysis of paint is essential to guarantee its performance, its compliance with regulatory standards as well as its suitability for the requirements of industrial applications.
The industry professionals must understand and master the chemical composition of paints in order to develop quality and durable products.

Why analyze paint chemically?

The chemical analysis of the paint is essential for manufacturers for several reasons:

• Quality control

Quality managers must ensure that paint meets technical specifications and performance standards. Only regular analysis can detect possible compositional variations that could affect the paint's mechanical and chemical properties.

• Regulatory compliance 

R&D departments must ensure that products comply with local and international regulations, particularly those concerning VOC emissionsand the use of hazardous substances.

Chemical analysis of paints makes it possible to verify that the paint developed complies with environmental and health requirements.

• Optimizing formulations

R&D services can capitalize on chemical analyses of biobased paint to improve and adjust formulations. This allows for product optimization to better meet the specific needs of industrial applications. Chemical analysis of paint thus helps identify the most effective components and optimize their proportion in the paint.

Chemical analysis methods in practice

There are several chemical analysis techniquesfor evaluating the composition of paints:

• Radiocarbon analysis (C14)

Radiocarbon analysisaccording to NF EN 16640 standardis used to identify the presence or absence of natural products in paint. The concentration of carbon 14 indicates the content of biobased products: the more carbon 14 the paint contains, the more natural products it contains.

This is an essential technique for analyzing thecomposition of biobased paints.

• Infrared spectroscopy (IR)

Infrared spectrometry analysis is used to identify the chemical bonds and functional groups present in the paint. This technique allows for the characterization of binders and additives.

• Gas chromatography (GC)

Gas chromatography is essential for analyzing volatile solvents and additives. It allows for the separation and identification of organic compounds present in paint.

• Mass spectrometry (MS)

Mass spectrometry is often coupled with chromatography because it allows for the identification and quantification of chemical components at very low levels. It provides a detailed analysis of the composition.

• X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

Xfluorescenceis a non-destructive method used to determine the elemental composition of pigments and mineral fillers. It is a fast and accurate technique for the analysis of metallic or mineral elements.

Biobased paints chemical analysis laboratories

Specialized laboratories for paint analysis play a key role in the development and optimization of these ecological products.

They use cutting-edge technologies to perform complex analyses, which guarantees the quality and performance of biobased paints. The choice of a paint and pigment analysis laboratory is essential for manufacturers.

• Accreditation and expertise

The laboratory must be accredited according to international standards (ISO 17025) and possess in-depth expertise in biobased paint analysis. The use of specific standards such as ASTM D6866, EN 16640, or EN 16785 for radiocarbon analysis is essential for biobased paint analysis.

• Research & Development

Engineers and scientists in the laboratory must be able to collaborate with manufacturers beyond analyses. This allows industrialists to develop new biobased formulationsand improve existing products.

Laboratories are conducting advanced research to identify renewable raw materials and assess their impact on paint performance.

• Validation and certification

The laboratory must offer validation and certification services to ensure that paints meet performance and durability standards. The analyses performed allow for product certification for industrial use.

In conclusion, chemical analysis is essential for ensuring quality, compliance, and innovation in the field of industrial paints, particularly those biobased. It allows industry professionals to ensure their products meet current and future requirements.

A thorough understanding of the composition of industrial paints is essential to guarantee their performance and compliance with environmental standards. As we have seen, analyzing the components used in your paints, whatever their applications, is crucial to avoid sanctions, diversify your offerings (thanks to biobased paints), and comply with regulatory constraints.

Would you like to be supported by a competent and expert laboratory in biobased product analysis? CIRAM, an expert in chemical analysis, offers biobased paints analysis services help manufacturers optimize their products. To learn more and benefit from our expertise, please feel free to request a study.

In the construction industry, regulations are evolving rapidly to meet current environmental and energy challenges. The Environmental Regulation 2020 (RE2020) is a perfect illustration of this in France. This regulation imposes strict standards to reduce the carbon footprint of buildings and improve their energy performance. Understanding and complying with these requirements has become essential for industry professionals.

But how can you ensure that your projects fully comply with these new obligations? Start at the very beginning, with a building materials analysis. This analysis goes beyond simply checking technical specifications. It includes an in-depth assessment of the environmental impact, durability and energy performance of the materials used.

In this article, find out why the analysis of building materials is so essential in the context of the RE2020. We'll also look at the objectives of these regulations, innovations in eco-friendly materials, and the crucial role of analytical laboratories in ensuring the compliance of your projects.

RE2020 certification and analysis of building materials

What is the RE2020 certificate?

The RE2020 certificate, or Environmental Regulation 2020, is a new French standard that aims to strengthen the requirements for energy and environmental performance of new buildings. It replaces the RT2012 thermal regulation, by adding, among other things, requirements concerning the use of biobased materials. The objective of this regulation is to reduce the carbon footprint of new constructions and improve their energy efficiency. It applies to all residential and tertiary buildings and sets demanding targets for energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and summer comfort.

The RE2020 certificate is a mandatory document certifying that the construction project complies with the criteria defined by the regulations. To obtain this certificate, an in-depth analysis of the building materials used is required, since these materials play an essential role in the energy and environmental performance of the building.

Why is the analysis of building materials crucial?

The analysis of construction materials is an important step to ensure compliance with RE2020. This analysis makes it possible to validate that the materials used meet the criteria for durability, energy performance, and low environmental impact.

The analysis aims to validate the criteria of :

• Energy performance: building materials have an impact on a building's thermal insulation and energy efficiency. A good selection of materials reduces heating and air conditioning needs and contributes to better overall energy performance.

• Environmental impact: RE2020 emphasizes CO2 emission reduction through the use of low environmental impact materials. Analyzing the materials used allows for the selection of ecological options, such as recycled materials or those with a low carbon footprint.

• Material composition: this regulation aims to promote the use of biobased materials. Although construction materials such as frames, beams, and insulation are predominantly composed of biomass, their treatment (fire retardant, fungicides, or others) impacts the material composition. RE2020 encourages manufacturers to verify the composition of materials (particularly through carbon 14 analysis of construction materials) in order to achieve environmental impact reduction objectives.

• Durability and longevity: materials must be durable and resistant to ensure the longevity of the building. In-depth study allows for the selection of high-quality materials, reducing maintenance costs and increasing the building's lifespan.

• Occupant comfort: the quality of construction materials has a direct impact on the comfort of inhabitants. Well-chosen materials improve indoor air quality and offer better thermal and acoustic comfort.

Analysis of building materials is therefore essential to meet the requirements of the RE2020 and ensure the construction of sustainable, high-performance, environmentally-friendly buildings.

Having outlined the importance of the RE2020 standard and the essential role of building materials characterization, let's turn to the specific objectives of the RE2020 and how building materials analysis is directly linked to these objectives.

Understanding RE2020 certification and the importance of materials analysis

RE2020 objectives

Environmental regulation 2020 (RE2020) aims to improve the energy and environmental performance of new buildings in France.

Its main objectives include :

• Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions: it aims to significantly decrease CO2 emissions through the use of low-carbon footprint materials and optimized architectural design.

• Energy performance improvement: consists of reducing the energy consumption of buildings through optimized thermal insulation, the use of renewable energy sources, and improved management of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.

• Summer comfort: focuses on limiting summer overheating through the use of appropriate materials and construction techniques, thereby reducing the need for air conditioning.

• Promotion of the circular economy: encourages the use of recycled and recyclable materials, as well as construction techniques that minimize waste.

What's the link between materials analysis and RE2020?

Analysis of building materials is essential to achieving the RE2020 objectives.

It consists of studying different characteristics of materials and their impacts:

• Carbon footprint assessment: the assessment involves analyzing materials in terms of their life cycle to favor those with a low carbon footprint, thereby reducing environmental impact.

• Selection of insulating materials: the objective is to guide the choice of materials offering optimal thermal insulation to improve energy performance.

• Quality control of materials: it makes it possible to verify compliance with durability and longevity standards, ensuring better performance and reducing maintenance costs.

• Adaptation to climatic conditions: is a selection of materials suited to local conditions to improve summer comfort and building durability.

• Innovation and sustainability: makes it possible to identify innovative and sustainable solutions, such as the use of biobased or recycled materials, supporting the circular economy.

The analysis of materials promoted by the RE2020 thus makes it possible to favor the most efficient materials. Let's now turn our attention to the concert benefits offered by these materials.

The role of ecological materials

Green building materials are crucial to meeting RE2020 requirements.

Their characteristics and their use in constructions allow :

• Reduction of the carbon footprint: using materials from renewable or recycled sources helps reduce CO2 emissions.

• Improvement of indoor air quality: ecological materials emitting fewer volatile organic compounds (VOCs) allow for an improvement in air quality and therefore the health of occupants.

• Effective resource management: it promotes responsible management of natural resources, with materials like certified wood or hemp, which are less energy-intensive.

• Contribution to the circular economy: encouraging the recycling and reuse of materials leads to waste reduction and maximizes the use of available resources.

Analysis of building materials is therefore fundamental to ensuring compliance with the RE2020. It enables us to choose materials that meet regulatory requirements and contribute to the construction of sustainable, high-performance buildings that are comfortable for occupants.

We've just established the importance of building materials analysis in meeting RE2020 requirements. Let's now look at the crucial role of analysis laboratories in this process, and how to choose the right laboratory to ensure compliance with RE2020.

The role of building materials testing laboratories in RE2020 compliance

What services does a building materials analysis laboratory offer?

Building materials testing laboratories play an essential role in ensuring compliance with RE2020 standards. They offer a range of specialized services to verify the properties and performance of materials used in construction projects.

Analytical laboratories offer the following services:

• Physico-chemical analyses of materials: in-depth tests that determine the chemical composition and physical properties of materials. This includes analyses of strength, durability, and reaction to different environmental agents. Among the common analysis methods, mention can be made of carbon-14 analysis by AMS, which allows for the determination of the percentage of biobased content in materials. It notably makes it possible to obtain ecolabels for materials.

• Energy performance tests: these tests assess the energy efficiency of materials: their insulating capacity, their thermal inertia, and their behavior in response to temperature variations.

• Carbon footprint assessment: it measures the carbon footprint of construction materials by taking into account their entire life cycle, from production to disposal. The assessment makes it possible to select more ecological materials in compliance with the objectives of RE2020.

• Durability and longevity tests: materials are subjected to simulated conditions to assess their long-term resistance and durability. These tests include accelerated aging tests, UV exposure, and weather resistance.

• Indoor air quality analysis: it assesses the impact of materials on indoor air quality. It measures volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other harmful substances emitted.

• Certification and validation of materials: laboratories issue certificates of conformity for materials that meet RE2020 requirements. These certificates assure builders and regulators that the materials used comply with standards.

How to choose the right building materials analysis laboratory to ensure RE2020 compliance?

Choosing the right building materials analysis laboratory is essential to guarantee compliance with standards and obtain RE2020 certification. The choice of laboratory is based on a set of criteria to be considered when making your selection:

• Accreditation and certification: ensure that the laboratory is accredited by recognized bodies and holds the necessary certifications to carry out analyses in compliance with RE2020 standards.

• Technical expertise: the laboratory must be composed of a team of scientists specialized in the analysis of construction materials. Their technical expertise is crucial for precise and reliable analyses.

• Equipment and technologies: the laboratory must be equipped with the necessary state-of-the-art equipment to perform advanced tests and analyses. Modern equipment ensures accurate results that comply with current requirements.

• Reputation and references: the laboratory must be recognized and have major client references. A good reputation in the sector and positive feedback from previous clients are indicators of the quality and reliability of the services offered.

• Customization of services: laboratory teams must be able to offer services tailored to the specific needs of your project. A flexible and personalized approach allows for relevant and targeted analyses.

• Timelines and responsiveness: the laboratory's ability to meet deadlines is paramount, particularly for construction projects with tight schedules. Ensure the laboratory is known for its responsiveness and adherence to agreed-upon deadlines.

Advice: A good laboratory should offer technical support and advice to help interpret analysis results. Thanks to its expertise and advice, it will enable you to make informed decisions about material selection.

These essential criteria will enable you to choose a competent and reliable building materials analysis laboratory. This will ensure that your projects comply with the strict requirements of the RE2020. This collaboration will enable you to build sustainable, efficient and environmentally-friendly buildings.

To ensure that your construction projects comply with RE2020 requirements, it is essential to carry out building materials analyses. These preliminary studies enable you to select the most suitable materials to optimize the energy and environmental performance of your buildings.

CIRAM laboratories stand out for their expertise and state-of-the-art equipment, while offering comprehensive and reliable analysis services. By working with CIRAM, you benefit from personalized support to assess and certify your materials to the strict standards of this regulation, and obtain an RE2020 certificate.

Contact us and ensure the quality and durability of your constructions while complying with current regulations: request your study

Biofuels offer a promising alternative to fossil fuels. However, this alternative is not yet the norm in industrial processes. To better assess their importance, you need to understand the role of biogenic carbon.

• Why is it crucial to quantify this carbon in biofuels?
• How does this help reduce CO₂ emissions and achieve sustainability goals?

This article is intended to provide industry professionals with information and clear answers on the importance of this quantification.

The importance of quantifying biogenic carbon in biofuels

Definition and role of biogenic carbon in biofuels

Biogenic carbon, or biogenic carbon, is essential in biofuels. Derived from renewable organic matter such as agricultural residues and forest waste, it differs from fossil carbon originating from non-renewable sources like oil.

Biofuels such as biodiesel, biogas, and SAFs (Sustainable Aviation Fuels) use biogenic carbon. This carbon, captured by plants through photosynthesis and released during combustion, completes a cycle without adding extra CO₂ to the atmosphere. This process reduces the carbon footprint and helps achieve sustainability and greenhouse gas emission reduction goals.

Implication of biogenic carbon in the emission of biogenic CO₂

Accurate quantification of biogenic carbon in biofuels is crucial for assessing the environmental impact of these fuels. Biogenic CO₂, emitted during the combustion of biofuels, differs fundamentally from fossil CO₂.

While fossil CO₂ contributes to rising atmospheric CO₂ levels on a permanent basis, biogenic CO₂ is part of a short cycle where it is reabsorbed by plants as they grow.

For industry professionals, understanding this distinction is crucial. Not only will it enable you to optimize biofuel production processes, it will also ensure compliance with environmental regulations and sustainability certifications.

As an example, in the context of SAF and e-fuel production, the quantification of biogenic carbon is essential to demonstrate that these fuels meet reduced CO₂ emission criteria, thus promoting their adoption in the aviation industry.

Let's take a look at the environmental implications of biogenic carbon. What is its impact on global warming, and what role can it play in protecting our environment?

The environmental implications of biogenic carbon

The impact of biogenic carbon on climate change

Biogenic carbon, in its use as biofuel, plays a crucial role in efforts to limit global warming. While fossil carbon increases atmospheric CO₂ concentrations by releasing carbon stored for millions of years, biogenic carbon participates in a short carbon cycle. This cycle reduces the overall carbon footprint of fuels.

So, although biofuels such as biodiesel, biogas, or SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuels) emit biogenic CO₂ during combustion, this is largely offset by the CO₂ absorbed by plants during their growth.

This cycle then helps to maintain a balance in atmospheric carbon and limit the effects of the greenhouse effect, thus helping to slow global warming.

The importance of reducing fossil CO₂ for environmental protection

Reducing fossil CO₂ emissions is essential to protect the environment and promote sustainable development. Today, optimizing biofuel production and use methods to minimize emissions is therefore a priority for manufacturers.

As a result, it has become essential for manufacturers to implement rigorous standards for quantifying biogenic carbon. As we have seen, these standards make it possible to guarantee that the biofuels produced meet environmental requirements. This is why biofuel certifications and eco-labels are rightly based on strict biogenic carbon content criteria.

The adoption of biofuels with an optimized carbon footprint can play a major role in the global energy transition. Sectors such as aeronautics can thus hope to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels and cut their CO₂ emissions. An essential subject for this sector regularly put under pressure by civil society.

Reducing fossil CO₂ through the use of well-quantified and optimized biofuels is therefore a key strategy for meeting current and future environmental challenges. Let's now look at how biogenic carbon is used in different types of biofuels, such as biodiesel, biogas, and SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuels).

The use of biogenic carbon in different types of biofuels

Biogenic carbon in biodiesel

Biodiesel is one of the most commonly used biofuels, and is largely based on biogenic carbon. Produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats, biodiesel contains carbon captured by organisms as they grow. This carbon is then released during combustion, completing the biogenic carbon cycle.

Accurate quantification of biogenic carbon in biodiesel is essential for determining its environmental impact. By measuring the proportion of biogenic carbon, manufacturers can optimize their processes to maximize efficiency and minimize CO₂ emissions. This also helps meet regulatory requirements, enabling companies to benefit from carbon credits or other ecological advantages.

Biogenic carbon in biogas

Biogas is another important biofuel that takes advantage of biogenic carbon. Derived from the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter such as agricultural waste, food residues and sewage sludge, biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used in a variety of ways: to generate heat, electricity or as a vehicle fuel.

The use of biogenic carbon in biogas offers several environmental advantages. By capturing and reusing methane, biogas contributes to the reduction of overall greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the quantification of biogenic carbon in biogas helps ensure that these emissions remain within acceptable limits and also that biogas remains a green alternative to fossil fuels.

Biogenic carbon in SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel)

SAF, or Sustainable Aviation Fuel, represents a major step forward for the aviation industry in its quest to reduce its impact. Made from a variety of biomass sources, including waste oils and agricultural residues, SAF integrates biogenic carbon into its life cycle. In this way, it significantly reduces CO₂ emissions from aviation, a sector heavily dependent on fossil fuels.

For SAF manufacturers and consumers, quantifying biogenic carbon is essential. It helps demonstrate that fuels meet stringent sustainability and CO₂ emissions standards. Thus, by optimizing biogenic carbon content, SAF manufacturers can improve fuel efficiency and reduce the overall carbon footprint of their products. An essential aspect for airlines seeking to reduce their environmental impact and comply with increasingly stringent international regulations.

The use of biogenic carbon in different types of biofuels, whether biodiesel, biogas, or SAF, therefore plays a central role in promoting renewable and sustainable energy sources. By quantifying and optimizing this carbon, industrialists can not only improve their environmental performance but also contribute significantly to the fight against climate change.

Having explored the use of biogenic carbon in various biofuels, we now turn our attention to the evolution of biofuels with the emergence of e-fuel and its production process.

The evolution of biofuels: the importance of e-fuel

What is e-fuel and how is it produced?

E-fuel, or synthetic fuel, is a first-rate innovation in the field of biofuels. Unlike traditional biofuels, e-fuel is produced from hydrogen and CO₂, captured either directly from the air or from industrial sources. The e-fuel production process requires the use of electricity to electrolyze water and produce hydrogen. The hydrogen is then combined with the captured CO₂ to synthesize various types of fuel, such as gasoline, diesel or kerosene.

Synthetic fuels therefore offer several advantages, including the possibility of reducing CO₂ emissions and using existing infrastructure for fossil fuels. Indeed, these synthetic fuels are chemically similar to conventional fuels. This similarity facilitates their adoption without requiring major modifications to engines or distribution systems. A transformation towards a use of synthetic fuels that MotoGP is in the process of adopting.

The role of biogenic carbon in e-fuel production

Biogenic carbon plays an essential role in e-fuel production as it provides a renewable and sustainable source of CO₂. By using biogenic CO₂, captured from biomass or biological processes, e-fuel producers can create a closed carbon cycle. This means that the CO₂ used to produce e-fuel is that previously absorbed by plants, reducing the fuel's net carbon footprint.

For manufacturers, the quantification and integration of biogenic carbon in e-fuels are critical aspects. These analyses make it possible to certify that e-fuel is truly sustainable and does indeed contribute to reducing overall CO₂ emissions. On the other hand, by optimizing the use of biogenic CO₂, industrial companies can improve the efficiency of their production processes and increase the economic viability of e-fuel.

E-fuel thus represents a promising technological advance in the development of biofuels as a sustainable alternative, while at the same time being compatible with existing infrastructures. The role of biogenic carbon in this context is essential, as it ensures that these new synthetic fuels make an effective contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate change.

Future prospects for biogenic carbon quantification

The challenges of accurately measuring biogenic carbon in biofuels

Precise quantification of biogenic carbon in biofuels poses a number of challenges. One of the main obstacles is the complexity of the biomass sources used to produce these fuels. Feedstocks can vary considerably in their chemical composition and biogenic carbon content. This makes standardization difficult.

On the other hand, the processes involved in transforming and converting biomass into biofuels can alter the chemical structure of biogenic carbon, further complicating quantification methods. For quality departments, developing robust protocols that can adapt to these variations while guaranteeing reliable, reproducible results remains crucial.

Regulatory constraints and certification requirements also add a layer of complexity. Biofuels must meet stringent standards to be considered sustainable, requiring precise quantification of biogenic carbon to prove compliance.

Technological advances in biogenic carbon quantification

To meet these requirements, significant technological advances have been made to improve the quantification of biogenic carbon. Mass spectrometry, in particular, enables the precise determination of biogenic carbon content. Laboratories such as those at CIRAM support manufacturers in the analysis and certification of components.

For R&D departments and regulatory authorities, these technical advances offer new opportunities to strengthen quantification methods and guarantee the sustainability of biofuels.

Finally, although the accurate measurement of biogenic carbon in biofuels presents significant challenges, technological advances offer promising solutions. These innovations improve the accuracy of analysis and ensure that biofuels meet sustainability standards, contributing to a greener, more efficient energy transition.

To conclude, quantifying biogenic carbon in biofuels is therefore essential to ensure their sustainability and effectively reduce CO₂ emissions. We have seen that biogenic carbon, derived from renewable sources, plays a crucial role in the life cycle of biofuels such as biodiesel, biogas and SAF. E-fuel also represents a major step forward, thanks to its innovative production process. Despite measurement challenges, technological advances offer promising solutions for accurate quantification.

Are you a professional in the industry looking to ensure the compliance of your products? CIRAM laboratories can help you carry out analyses for the biobased industry. Contact us to benefit from cutting-edge expertise and ensure the quality and durability of your biofuels.

In a context where sustainability and environmental responsibility have become key priorities, bioplastics are emerging as a promising opportunity for companies.

However, the credibility and transparency of the environmental claims associated with these materials depend heavily on certifications and labels.
In Europe, two labels stand out in particular: “OK Biobased” and “DIN CERTCO.”These certifications play a key role not only in ensuring compliance with environmental standards but also in building trust among consumers and business partners.

For industry professionals, understanding and integrating these labels into their day-to-day work is essential.

In this article we explore in depth the current and future impact of these labels on the European biobased plastics market. We also explain why it's crucial for these experts to familiarize themselves with these certifications. You'll discover how these labels can foster innovation, optimize manufacturing processes, guarantee product quality and ensure regulatory compliance.

Labels for bioplastics and biopolymers

The importance of labels for biobased products

The labels simply certify that the product is made from renewable organic materials. It's a way for producers to demonstrate their commitment to producing products with low environmental impact. In other words, when a product bears one of these labels, it guarantees that it has been manufactured with respect for the environment.

Bioplastics and biopolymers represent a significant step forward for the plastics industry. This ecological and sustainable choice could well be an advantage for market players wishing to be pioneers in complying with future environmental standards. The objective for manufacturers is to integrate these materials as early as possible in order to gain a major competitive advantage in the future.

These labels are therefore a crucial tool for consumers and business partners alike, since they can be used to display a product's quality and environmental credentials.

Now that we've defined the importance of these labels, it's time to analyze their specific characteristics.

OK Biobased" label

The "OK Biobased" label is a certification awarded by TÜV Austria that guarantees the percentage of biobased material in a product. It aims to quantify the proportion of renewable raw materials used in the manufacturing of bioplastics.

It uses a star rating system, ranging from 1 to 4 stars, to indicate the proportion of renewable raw materials used. Each star represents a certain percentage range of biobased material:

• 1 star: 20-40% renewable materials
• 2 stars: 40-60% renewable materials
• 3 stars: 60-80% renewable materials
• 4 stars: over 80% renewable materials

This certification is particularly useful for companies wishing to demonstrate their commitment to the environment. This label is often used in the production of bioplastics.

DIN CERTCO" label

DIN CERTCO, a subsidiary of TÜV Rheinland, offers various certifications, including one for bioplastics. The DIN CERTCO label for bioplastics certifies products based on their biodegradability and compostability. DIN CERTCO certifications are based on European standards EN 13432 and EN 14995. The criteria include:

• Biological degradation in an industrial composting environment
• No toxic residues after decomposition
• Physical disintegration within a specified timeframe
• The quality of the resulting compost

This label is essential for companies wishing to guarantee that their products are not only biobased but also capable of biodegrading efficiently, thus responding to concerns about environmental impact and waste management regulations.

This certification ensures that the plastic is biodegradable and decomposes under industrial composting conditions without leaving harmful residues.

What impact do bioplastics labels have on the European market?

The European market for bioplastics and biopolymers is growing fast, fueled by growing environmental concerns and stricter regulations on traditional plastic materials.

In this context, the "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" labels play an essential role in guaranteeing the credibility and transparency of the ecological claims made for bioplastic products.

We're going to analyze the impact these labels have had on markets and companies' capacity for innovation.

OK Biobased: promoting renewable materials

The "OK Biobased" label has had a significant impact in encouraging manufacturers to increase the proportion of renewable raw materials in their products. By awarding certification based on the percentage of biobased content, this label has encouraged companies to invest in more sustainable materials and develop alternatives to fossil-based plastics.

Companies' R&D departments have thus been motivated to explore new biomass sources and improve production processes to achieve higher levels of certification.

For process engineers and quality managers, this label offers a means of differentiating their products in an increasingly competitive market, by highlighting their commitment to the sustainability of their products.

DIN CERTCO: guaranteeing biodegradability and compostability

The DIN CERTCO label has played a crucial role in setting clear standards for the biodegradability and compostability of bioplastics. By certifying that certified products break down efficiently under industrial composting conditions, DIN CERTCO certification has helped overcome initial mistrust concerning the environmental impact of bioplastics.

For regulatory authorities, DIN CERTCO offers assurance of compliance with European standards such as EN 13432, EN 16640, and EN 14995, which are often required for product approval in the market.

By validating the compostability of products, this label has also helped municipalities and waste managers integrate bioplastics into organic waste management systems, enabling companies to take another step towards a circular economy.

The "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" labels therefore have an impact on both companies and markets. They boost consumer and business confidence by providing greater transparency on the environmental claims of bioplastics products. Confidence is essential to the widespread adoption of bioplastics, as it helps overcome skepticism and promotes a transition to more sustainable materials.

But what does the future hold for bioplastics and biopolymers labels in Europe? Will they evolve to better meet the expectations of institutions and consumers? Will regulations evolve? Let's take a look at the future of these certifications at European level.

The future of bioplastics labels in Europe

As Europe continues to strengthen its environmental policies and demand for sustainable materials increases, the future of bioplastics labels looks bright. The "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" labels will play an even more crucial role in ensuring the transparency, credibility and compliance of biobased plastic products.

Evolving standards and regulations

Reinforced requirements

With the introduction of new European directives on plastics and packaging, the requirements for obtaining certifications such as "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" are likely to become more stringent. This will force companies to adopt more sustainable production practices and invest more in the research and development of new biobased and biodegradable materials.

European legislation on plastic bags, which must contain at least 50% of

biobased carbon since 2020 and 60% from 2025

To ensure compliance with these regulatory requirements, it is crucial for companies to engage in an innovation process, by carrying out biopolymer and bioplastic analysis studies. Companies that have already integrated these materials will therefore gain a head start on the rest of the market, thus ensuring sustainable growth while lowering their production costs.

Harmonizing standards

In the future, we are likely to see increased harmonization of certification standards across Europe, facilitating cross-border trade in certified biodegradable plastic products. This harmonization will also enable mutual recognition of labels between different countries, reinforcing the credibility of certifications and simplifying regulatory processes for companies.

Technological innovations and new labels

New materials and technologies

Technological advances in bioplastics will continue to emerge, leading to the creation of new materials with improved properties. In response, certification bodies will need to adapt their criteria and perhaps even create new labels to accommodate innovations, such as bioplastics with additives for specific functionalities (e.g. UV resistance or controlled degradation).

Multiple specialized labels

In the future, we may see the emergence of more specialized labels focusing on particular aspects of bioplastics, such as carbon footprint, recyclability, or decomposition in marine environments. As these issues are at the heart of current discussions concerning the protection of living things, they are likely to lead to new regulatory requirements for biobased polymers. These specialized labels will provide precise and relevant information for organizations concerned about the environmental impact of their products.

Impact on consumers and the market

Awareness-raising and education

With increasing environmental awareness among consumers – and from a young age – bioplastic labels will play a key role in educating the public about the benefits of biodegradable biobased materials and biodegradable. Information campaigns and educational initiatives could be launched to explain the meaning of labels and encourage responsible consumer choices. Integrating these materials and labels today will thus enable companies to achieve tomorrow's profits and align with future market demands.

Growing demand and consumer pressure

Consumer pressure for more sustainable products will continue to grow in the future. This will force companies to comply with biobased plastics labels to remain competitive. Labels will thus become a determining factor in purchasing decisions, directly influencing companies' market strategy.

All the indicators are therefore green for the future of bioplastics and biopolymers. Environmental issues and their transposition into regulatory standards will drive companies to integrate these materials into their processes, enabling them to lower their production costs. This will enable them to meet market and consumer demands, while at the same time working on their CSR policies.

The "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" labels are therefore much more than simple certification marks; they are catalysts for transformation for the bioplastics industry in Europe. By promoting the use of renewable raw materials and guaranteeing the biodegradability and compostability of products, these labels play an essential role in the transition towards a more sustainable economy.

Whether you work in an R&D department, on your internal processes, in the quality department or on the regulatory aspect of your activities, knowledge of these certifications is crucial. Not only does it enable you to meet regulatory requirements and consumer expectations, it also stimulates innovation, optimizes manufacturing processes and boosts your company's competitiveness in the marketplace. Bioplastics and biopolymers analysis and study laboratories like CIRAM can help you in this innovation process.

As Europe continues to move towards stricter environmental standards, understanding and integrating the "OK Biobased" and "DIN CERTCO" labels is becoming essential. By adopting these certifications, companies can ensure that their products are not only compliant, but also at the cutting edge of sustainability. These labels are therefore a clear solution for navigating a complex regulatory landscape driven by corporate environmental and CSR issues.

The same applies to the analysis of isotopic ratios of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O and δ2H). Their analysis will provide information on the diets of ancient populations and the geographical or botanical origins of agri-food products.

Stable isotope analysis with IRMS

The technique dedicated to the study of stable isotopes is IRMS, isotope ratio mass spectrometry. We measure the ratios of stable isotopes such as 13C/12C, 15N/14N, 2H/1H and 18O/16O. Measurements are compared with international references, considered as "zero points": for carbon, this is the Vienna Standardized Peedee Belemnite (VPDB), for nitrogen it's air, and for hydrogen and oxygen it's the Vienna Standardized Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). CIRAM laboratories use a vario ISOTOPE select elemental analyzer (EA) and an IRMS Isoprime precisION from ELEMENTAR.

Distortions in plant isotope ratios

It is the different types of photosynthesis that are responsible for distortions in plant isotope ratios. For example, woody trees, barley, rice and beans (C3 plants) have a d13C carbon isotope ratio of less than -20 ‰, while maize, sorghum and sugar cane (C4 plants) have a d13C of between -10 and -20 ‰. It's the presence of nitrogen in proteins that will provide information on their origin: terrestrial or marine. By coupling the study of carbon and nitrogen isotopes, we can define the diet of an individual or animal: carnivorous, herbivorous or omnivorous; and the origin of its diet: terrestrial or marine.

Industrial applications of stable isotope analysis

In industry, stable isotope analysis is used for product authentication in general, and in particular to verify provenance, identify adulteration or define the original raw material for biofuel production, for example.

The stable isotopes of carbon will be used to identify the adulteration of honey with corn-derived fructose syrup. Corn, a C4 plant, has a d13C between -20 and -10‰, whereas authentic honey has a δ13C below -23.5‰. A d13C measurement above -21‰ will indicate adulteration. Carbon isotopic ratios will also allow the identification of "real" apple cider vinegar with a δ13C around -25‰, while apple cider vinegar adulterated with biosynthetic acetic acid will have a δ13C around -10‰.

Adulteration of fruit juice or wine can be detected by studying stable oxygen isotopes. The δ18O value of the adulterated product will be negative, while that of the pure products will be positive.

Stable hydrogen isotopes will be used to differentiate between two C3 plants: orange and beet, for example. An orange juice adulterated with beet sugar will have a δ2H around -50‰, while authentic orange juice will have a δ2H between -40 and -13‰.

Stable isotope analysis is a very important source of information on ancient dietary habits, botanical origins and the authentication of raw materials. But these are qualitative techniques only. In most cases, it will be essential to couple these studies with carbon-14 dating or radiocarbon analysis, in order to obtain chronological information or quantify adulteration.

CIRAM, a laboratory for isotopic analysis and carbon 14 dating since 2005, assists you in addressing your archaeological and industrial challenges.

Radiocarbon analysis (or carbon-14 dating) is a scientific technique that has revolutionized our understanding of ancient and modern materials. This type of analysis is widely used in the fields of art and archaeology. It is now increasingly used for industrial applications such as paint and pigment production. 

Growing environmental concerns are driving manufacturers to develop new, more sustainable products. Their manufacture requires a distinction to be made between biobased materials, derived from biomass, and petro-sourced materials. petrosourced materials. 

In this article, we explore how radiocarbon analysis, combined with the study of volatile organic compounds and modern analytical techniques can be used to assess the composition of industrial paints. You'll also discover the challenges associated with this method and the promising innovations innovations.

Introduction to radiocarbon analysis of paints and pigments

Definition and importance of radiocarbon analysis

Radiocarbon analysis (or carbon-14 dating) is a scientific method used to determine the age of carbon-containing materials. carbon-14 is an unstable isotope that decomposes over time (with a half-life of halflife of 5730 years). Based on this this half-lifelife that carbon-14 dating laboratories dating laboratories can estimate the age of organic materials.

In the context of paints and pigments, this method is used to identify the proportion of biogenic carbon (derived from biomass) and fossil carbon (petroleum-based).

Link between radiocarbon analysis and biobased paint

The biobased paintings are made from renewable components of plant or animal origin. They therefore contain a significant proportion of biogenic carbon. Radiocarbon analysis is therefore essential to quantify this composition and verify the proportion of natural materials in the paints.

This paint analysis method is particularly relevant for manufacturers striving to reduce volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and improve air quality.

What's more, the production of biobased paintings is part of an ecological approach aimed at minimizing environmental impact. In fact, biobased materials have the advantage of of being derived from renewable renewable sources. This enables the industry to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the carbon footprint of paint production. The use of radiocarbon analysis can certify the presence and proportion of biogenic carbon, offering a guarantee of transparency and compliance with environmental standards.

Exploring different analysis techniques for industrial paints

Analysis of traditional industrial paints

The industrial paints, which are often used in construction, generally contain pigments and organic binders derived from fossil materials.

Radiocarbon analysis plays a key role in differentiating between components of fossil origin and natural materials. For manufacturers, it is essential to understand this distinction in order to reduce the use of petrochemical-based compounds and improve the environmental footprint of their products.

Study of modern biobased industrial paints

The developments undertaken by manufacturers to improve the durability of their products have as a consequence a major increase in the use of biobased components. These biobased paintings use pigments and binders made from renewable raw materials, such as vegetable oils or natural resins. 

For this, radiocarbon analysis is crucial to determine the proportion of biogenic carbon present in these products, and thus guarantee their compliance with environmental standards and obtain ecological certifications (such as obtaining the "Biosourced Product" label label, for example).

Radiocarbon analysis also enables manufacturers to confirm the durability criteria of their paints and pigments paints and pigments to meet the growing demand for environmentally-friendly industrial products.

Importance and methodology of air quality in paint analysis

The role of volatile organic compounds in air quality

The COV (Volatile Organic Compounds) are chemical substances that evaporate easily at room temperature and can have a significant impact on indoor air quality. In the case of paints, these compounds often originate from solvents and additives used. Radiocarbon dating of the biobased paintings then makes it possible to check if they emit less VOCs compared to traditional paints and thus contribute to better air quality.

Reducing VOC emissions is important not only for the environment, but also for human health. Prolonged exposure to VOCs can lead to a variety of health problems, from respiratory irritation and headaches to more serious effects such as liver damage and hormonal disruption.

It is therefore crucial for manufacturers to develop industrial paints formulated with low VOC emissions. Thanks to radiocarbon analysis of paints, manufacturers can have certification of their biobased paints as low-VOC.

These products will thus meet the requirements of increasingly stringent environmental regulations and satisfy the growing demand for healthier, environmentally-friendly products.

The future of radiocarbon analysis of paints and pigments

Recent and future innovations in paint analysis

The accuracy and reliability of radiocarbon measurements are continually being improved by laboratories using new technologies, such as Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) (AMS). The use of AMS has truly revolutionized the field, enabling the detection of extremely low levels of carbon-14, even in samples of just a few mg.

Innovation continues to non-destructive techniques, like the infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, has also transformed the analysis of industrial paints. These technologies indeed make it possible to determine the The chemical composition of paints and pigments without requiring any samples. This innovation is essential to ensure the quality control eand manufacturing process optimizations. These methods indeed offer rapid and precise diagnostics of chemical components, allowing manufacturers to quickly identify and correct formulation defects.

More recently, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms into data analysis is also modernizing industry practices. These technologies can detect anomalies and optimize formulations to improve the durability and performance of industrial paints.

The role of carbon-14 analysis laboratories for paints and pigments

Specialized laboratories, such as lCIRAM Laboratories, play a vital role in the analysis and certification of paints and pigments. By providing accurate data on the composition of materials, these laboratories enable manufacturers to validate their products by verifying compliance with quality and safety standards.

They also play a crucial role in verifying the presence of biobased components, thus helping to certify products as eco-friendly. This expertise is essential for companies seeking to obtain environmental certifications, such as ecolabels, which demonstrate a commitment to sustainable, environmentally-friendly practices.

Radiocarbon dating of paintings and pigments therefore represents a major advance in understanding the composition of biobased industrial products. As demand for more ecological products continues to grow, the role of specialized laboratories, such as CIRAM, becomes increasingly crucial. By combining science and process innovation, radiocarbon dating contributes to a future where sustainability is at the heart of industrial production.

If you wish to better understand the composition of your paints and/or develop innovative products that meet current and future regulations, request your study on our website to benefit from CIRAM laboratories' expertise and cutting-edge tools.

Specialists in carbon-14 (or radiocarbon) dating, CIRAM laboratories comply with all current standards to deliver results that conform to regulations.

CIRAM Laboratories analyzes all cosmetic productss to determine their content of biobased products, whether in active ingredients, excipients, or finished products.

Using radiocarbon dating (or carbon 14), we measure the proportion of natural components relative to synthetic components. With CIRAM measurements and subject to a 100 pMC, you will be able to stamp your products as 100% natural.

Discover the different cosmetic analysis methods with CIRAM laboratories.

Radiocarbon analysis for in-depth analysis of cosmetics

The radiocarbon dating method relies on measuring the activity of the isotope carbon-14. This isotope naturally decays over time and has completely disappeared from fossil fuels after approximately 60,000 years. Therefore, petroleum-based materials no longer contain carbon-14 and are exclusively composed of fossil carbon, unlike recent biomass (plants, essential oils, natural extracts) which contains a reservoir of modern carbon.

Radiocarbon, to distinguish between old and modern carbon

The radiocarbon technique allows for precise measurement of the proportion of fossil carbon and biobased carbon in a sample. This analysis method offers numerous advantages:

• It is applicable to all types of materials, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous;
• It offers high accuracy (≈ 0.4%) with a detection limit of approximately 0.3%;
• It is fast, with results available within 7 business days, and offers excellent value for money.

Carbon-14 testing for natural products

In cosmetics, the high content of natural ingredients has become a determining factor in marketing, regulatory, and environmental terms. Carbon-14 testing is used at different stages: the development of natural products, supplier qualification, and the testing of cosmetic products before they are marketed.

This analysis technique is used from the R&D phases, up to the finished product, and can also be applied to biobased packaging analysis.

Measuring the percentage of biobased carbon in cosmeticsmakes it possible to verify regulatory compliance, authenticate ingredients from organic farming, and check the actual origin of an essential oil or plant extract.

Please note: the water content of a cosmetic product is not taken into account in radiocarbon dating and does not affect the results. The analysis focuses exclusively on the total amount of carbon and its isotopic ratios; hydrogen and oxygen atoms are not quantified.

Additional analyses to understand product origins

In addition to the carbon-14 analysis, the study of stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ¹⁸O, and δ²H), performed by EA-IRMS (Elemental Analysis coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry), allows for:

• Determine a geographic origin,
• Detect adulteration or undeclared blending,
• Identify the botanical origin of certain natural compounds, particularly in the case of high value-added essential oils.

CIRAM laboratories comply with all applicable standards

The CIRAM laboratories comply with major international standards, including ASTM D6866 and EN 16640, to ensure reliable scientific expertise.

The EN 16128 standard, dedicated to natural and organic cosmetic products, explicitly recommends carbon 14 analysis for determining the biobased fraction.

Reliable methods for cosmetics analysis with CIRAM

In summary, the use of radiocarbon for the characterization of cosmetic products constitutes a reliable and precise method applicable to all cosmetic matrices (liquid, solid, or gel), without the need to know the detailed chemical composition of the sample.

This scientific analysis method is relevant at all stages of the industrial process, from research and development, to the final product, including raw material sourcing, process validation, formulation, and obtaining labels highlighting the naturalness of cosmetic products.

Would you like to analyze an essential oil, a cosmetic ingredient, or a finished product?
The CIRAM teams are at your disposal to assess your needs and offer you a tailored, reliable analysis solution that complies with your regulatory and industrial requirements.

Specialists in carbon-14 analysis, CIRAM laboratories use the ASTM D6866 standard to deliver results compliant with regulations. Discover without delay the contribution of radiocarbon to the analysis of biogas, as well as industrial chimney smoke.

The principle of radiocarbon analysis

The biogas mainly contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is possible to quantify these elements by elemental analysis, for example. But it is impossible to distinguish the biogenic or fossil origin of a hydrogen or oxygen atom. However, it is possible to do so for carbon. Carbon isotope 14 is unstable, so it transforms over time. Its concentration is halved every 5730 years; this is called "half-life". After 10 periods, carbon 14 has completely disappeared. Natural gas comes from the decomposition of organic materials over millions of years, far beyond the 10 periods of carbon 14, which is about 60,000 years. Therefore, natural gas no longer contains carbon 14. Conversely, current biomass has a full reserve of carbon 14, which is referred to as "modern carbon". From radiocarbon analysis, the proportion of biobased or biogenic (modern) carbon and the proportion of fossil (ancient) carbon present in biogases are quantified.

Carbon-14 fume analysis

Depending on the fuel burned, chimney smoke will contain more or less biogenic CO2. CIRAM laboratories analyze chimney smoke CO2 by radiocarbon in compliance with ASTM D6866 standard.

By measuring carbon-14 concentration, CIRAM determines the percentage of biogenic carbon in relation to carbon of fossil origin. Two types of carbon are distinguished with :

• Materials containing biogenic carbon (rich in carbon 14). This includes wood, paper and biomass of animal or plant origin.
• Materials containing fossil carbon (low in carbon 14), i.e. coal, oil or natural gas.

Measurements can be taken directly on a smoke sample collected at the chimney outlet. CIRAM laboratories use special bags to collect CO2 on site. Fine particles can also be sampled from filters installed on industrial chimneys.

A system dedicated to biogas and flue gas analysis thanks to CIRAM laboratories

CIRAM has developed a dedicated system for biogas and flue gas analysis. This system is directly connected to the automatic graphitizer. The gas is not injected into the elemental analyzer, as it is for solids and liquids, but passes through a "sulfur trap". It is vital to trap the sulfur before graphitization, as sulfur is a graphitization inhibitor. The gas, once purified, will be transformed into graphite (pure carbon) by the graphitizer.

Note that this system does not provide elemental concentration or stable isotopic information, as the gas is injected directly into the graphitizer without passing through the EA-IRMS.

CIRAM laboratories, specialists in carbon-14 dating

CIRAM laboratories take radiocarbon measurements of your biofuel samples in general, and biogas samples in particular, as well as industrial flue gases to determine the percentage of biogenic material they contain.

Carbon-14 analysis is possible not only on gas, but also on liquids and solids. CIRAM complies with the ASTM D6866 standard for the study of your biogas, in order to provide you with reliable and precise expertise.

ASTM D6866 is the reference standard for the analysis of biofuels and biogas using the carbon-14 technique. Our engineers interpret the results in the laboratory, and provide full results within 10 working days.